Which process involves an insect undergoing four distinct stages including larva and pupa?

The correct answer is complete metamorphosis, which refers to a biological development process observed in insects consisting of four distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. This transformation enables the insect to undergo significant changes in form and function during its life cycle, allowing it to adapt to different ecological niches at various stages.

During the larval stage, the insect typically focuses on feeding and growing, while the pupal stage is characterized by a transformative phase where the larva undergoes a drastic physical change to emerge as an adult. This complex developmental process enhances survival, as different life stages often occupy different habitats, reducing competition for resources and allowing for a more efficient colonization of varied environments.

Understanding complete metamorphosis is essential for pest management, as control strategies can vary significantly depending on the specific stage of development targeted.